When Barack Obama delivered a eulogy at the memorial service for the nine people murdered in a church in Charleston, South Carolina, he stated that "the church is and always has been the center of African-American life—has also always been a target of bombs and arson and shots fired at churches, not random but as a means of control, a way to terrorize and oppress, an act that he presumed would deepen divisions that trace back to our nation's original sin."What historical trend does Obama make reference to in his eulogy? Click here to review the full primary source excerpt from the textbook.

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