totalitarianism -an extreme form of authoritarian government -a country is ruled by a single leader or an elite group-only 1 political party is allowed-the govt controls all aspects of society-citizens are forced to support government programs, plans and ideas totalitarianism after ww 1-following ww1 totalitarian governments were established around the world-germany-italy -USSR-Japan ideology -a totalitarian government has an official ideology that:-promotes nationalism -requires all citizens to participate-justifies the actions of the govtnazi idealogy-in germany the nazi government -promoted a national German identity -enforced ideas about race-discouraged activities that did not benefit the state-persecuted those who spoke out against nazi beliefs leadership: one political party-totalitarian governments are often controlled by a single political party -other parties aren't allowed -dissenting views aren't tolerated-party members follow a leaders ideology leadership: a dynamic leader-a tolitarian govt is usually led by a dynamic leader who:-builds support for his or her polices-employs absolute authority -provides a sense of direction-is perceived as wise and charismatic control: limiting freedoms-totalitarian government limit personal freedoms to discourage opposition-establish secret police-use terror and violence to create fear-create social pressure control: ondoctrination-totalitarian states use indoctrination to encourage citizens to comply-establish education programs-censor communication -create propaganda leadership crisis-systems of govt can change during a leadership crisis-a crisis can when:-a leader dies and leaves a power vacuum-a leader fails to solve a country's problems leadership crisis: the USSR-a leadership crisis led to the rise of totalitarianism in the USSR -death of Lenin-vladimir Lenin helped lead the Russian revolution-lenin died in 1924-rise of stalin-josef stalin rose to power after Lenin's death-stalin established a totalitarian government economic crisis-an economic crisis can make citizens more willing to accept a totalitarian govt-economic challenges -citizens lose their jobs-citizens can't provide for their familiesdesperation-citizens look for solutions-new leadership-charismatic leaders propose a path to take economic crisis: Italy-an economic crisis in italy led to class strugglesitaly faced:-a worldwide depression-a declining industry-mussolini gained power by proposing new ideas ethnic issues-countries can face a crisis when ethnic and religious groups are blamed for problems-citizens are taught that certain ethnic groups are harming the country-a totalitarian leader rises to power by relying citizens against these groups ethnic crisis: germany-in germany the nazi government gained support by -blaming jews for germanys loss in ww 1 and the economic depression that followed-using propaganda to encourage citizens to boycott jewish businesses 1922- mussolini became the leader of italy1929- a global depression began1934- hitler became the chancellor of germany 1934- stalin began the great purge 1939-1945- world war 2