"The spill occurred on federal tidelands, under federal leases, with federal permits, and federal approval; therefore, the federal government had full responsibility for creating the conditions that led up to the spill and its aftermath. . . . Understanding the opportunity, Scoop Jackson wasted no time in bringing comprehensive environmental policy to the forefront of discussions with congressional colleagues. . . . The Santa Barbara spill gave the ignored environmental policy champion the perfect weapon to push his ideas through the Senate and to maneuver through House roadblocks."-Source: Teresa Sabol Spezio, environmental analyst, Slick Policy, 2018Which of the following earlier trends was most similar to the pattern described in the excerpt?

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