Nationalism is an ideology that is centered around a group of people's shared ethnic and linguistic traits which remains culturally attached to a common history and territory. Two main forms arose with different motivations and power: state-seeking nationalism and state-led nationalism. Concerning state-seeking nationalism, nationalism was more ethnically and culturally based; to illustrate, Otto von Bismarck led a push for a unified Germany based around shared language and ethnic background. Many Baltic states also pushed for freedom against the Ottoman empire. On the other hand, state led nationalism is more inclusive and more government based. This would have been the flip side of the coin, as the Ottomans would have wanted to keep their government the way it was. Another good example would have been Napoleon creating and keeping a stable nation.

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