". . . In the eyes of the rest of Asia and of key areas threatened by Communism in other areas as well, South Vietnam is both a test of U.S. firmness and specifically a test of U.S. capacity to deal with "wars of national liberation." Within Asia, there is evidence — for example, from Japan — that U.S. disengagement and the acceptance of Communist domination would have a serious effect on confidence. More broadly, there can be little doubt that any country threatened in the future by Communist subversion [disruption] would have reason to doubt whether we would really see the thing through. This would apply even in such theoretically remote areas as Latin America. . . ." Source: Memorandum from the U.S. Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara to the President, 1964The conflict referred to in the documents is most closely associated with

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