brought on a deadly accumulation of fluid in the lungs. A nurse near the front lines in France observed that victims "run a high temperature, so high that we can't believe it's true.... It is accompanied by vomiting and dysentery. When they die, as about half of them do, they turn a ghastly dark gray and are taken out at once and cremated." It was the deadliest outbreak of disease since the Black Death six centuries earlier. Before the flu virus had run its course, at least 40 million people had died worldwide, far more than in all the battles of World War I. The victims included an astounding 700,000 Americans.

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