B. Complete deletion of the proto-oncogene*Deletion of the proto-oncogene would not be expected to lead to cancer. Deletion of tumour suppressor genes, in contrast, is a step in the progression of many lesions to cancer; for example, germline deletion of the RB gene leads to familial retinoblastoma. Amplification of the N-myc proto-oncogene is seen in some neuroblastomas; chromosomal translocations lead to the up-regulation of the Myc gene in Burkitt's lymphoma; and a point mutation in codon 12 of the ras gene can lead to a constitutively active protein product.

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