- An Islamic empire (Sunni) established in India following the defeatof the Delhi Sultanate by the Mughals in 1526.- These people were an Islamic minority ruling over a Hindu majority.- These people unified much of the subcontinent and under the leadership of Akbar established a strong centralized empire in the region.- During their golden age, Islamic art and architecture flourished, asevidenced by the building of the Taj Mahal.- The empire began to decline in the late 1600s: Emperors abandoned policies of religious toleration, and the arrival of Europeans posed a serious challenge to Mughal rule.- The British East India Company established a foothold in India in the early 1600s with trading posts on both coasts of the subcontinent.

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