After the Muslim-ruled city of Toledo fell to Christian armies in 1085,the libraries of Toledo furnished Western Europeans with an immense number of philosophical texts, both of the ancient Greeks and of the medieval Arabs. access to Muslim texts meant that more and more educated Christians became interested in and converted to Islam. By 1215, there were small communities of Christian converts to Islam in every major city in Western Europe. Christians burned all books in the libraries of Toledo, reasoning that they were Muslim books and so the product of a false religion. the treasure that was held in the Great Mosque of Toledo was used to pay the expenses of the First Crusade in 1095-9.

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