After scholars became disillusioned with the trait-based approaches to leadership in the 1940s, they began to focus on behavioral approaches to leadership by trying to determine the behaviors of effective leaders. Through the work of researchers at Ohio State University and the University of Michigan, two broad categories of leadership behaviors were identified. These two categories are:a) Task-oriented behaviors and people-oriented behaviors.b) Extraverted behaviors and introverted behaviors.c) Goal-oriented behaviors and laissez-faire decision-making behaviors.d)Leadership behaviors and management behaviors.

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