A. the terms dominant and recessive apply equally to alleles and phenotypes.The terms dominant and recessive apply to phenotypes not alleles. We may speak of a dominantlyacting allele (one that contributes to a dominant phenotype in the absence of any contribution by the other allele at that locus) or a recessively-acting allele (one that contributesto a phenotype only when the other allele simultaneously makes a contribution to the phenotype) but not of a dominant allele or a recessive allele.

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