5-bromouracil (5BU) is a mutagen. In most of the time, 5BU behaves like a thymine (T) and pair with an adenine (A). However, 5-BU can have a tautomeric shift to be an enol form, which instead pairs with guanine (G). Therefore, 5-BU can be incorporated into DNA and form a 5BUA pair instead of a T-A pair. Then, when the occasional tautomeric shift happens, after the next round of replication, there will be a 5BU(enol form)-G pair. If this is not fixed, in the next round of replication, the G can pair with cytosine (C) as normal base pairing. Eventually, this entire process leads to a ______ point mutation.

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