1. "By 1830, industrial manufacture had largely superseded home spinning and weaving in New England by producing cloth more cheaply. This changed women's work more than any other single factor, and likely had more emphatic impact on unmarried women than on mothers or families. Industrialization of textiles disrupt daughters' predictable role in the household first. Mothers' lives continued to be defined by household management and child rearing. Daughters, however, often had to earn wages to replace their contribution to family sustenance. Textile mill operatives, who were almost all between the ages of fifteen and thirty, were young women who followed their traditional occupation to a new location, the factory. New England textile factories from the start employed a vastly greater proportion of women than men." Nancy F. Cott, historian, The Bonds of Womanhood: "Woman's Sphere" in New England, 1780-1835, published in 1977Which of the following most directly made possible the changes described in the excerpt?a. The American System of internal improvementsb. European immigration to northern citiesc. New transportation systems and technologies d. A growing women's rights movement

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