Physiology Questions

4. What is the limiting factor in human performance of any type of intensity or duration?A) Muscle strength B) Joint flexibility C) Muscle glycogen and blood glucose D) Lung capacity

1) What becomes the primary energy source as intensity increases during physical activity?a) Proteinb) Carbohydratec) Fat

1. What are the possible sources of fuel for ATP generation and muscle contraction?

2. What are the factors that contribute to increased fatty acid metabolism in athletes?a. Increased levels of enzymes involved in aerobic ATP synthesis.b. Increased number of mitochondria.c. Both a and b.

5. What is the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) also known as?A) Metabolic exchange ratio (MER)B) Pulmonary exchange ratio (PER)C) Respiratory quotient (RQ)D) Energy exchange ratio (EER)

3. Which type of muscle fibers see an increase in mitochondrial adaptation with aerobic training?A) Type I (slow-twitch) muscle fibers.B) Type IIA (intermediate fast-twitch) muscle fibers.C) Type IIB (fast-twitch) muscle fibers.D) All types of muscle fibers equally.

1. What determines the substrate used during a training session?A) The intensity of the exerciseB) The duration of the exerciseC) The type of exercise equipment used

5. What is the respiratory exchange ratio (RER)?a. The ratio of CO2 eliminated to O2 consumed.b. The ratio of O2 eliminated to CO2 consumed.c. The ratio of nitrogen eliminated to O2 consumed.

2. What is the contribution of fat as a fuel during ultra-endurance events lasting 6 to 10 hours?A) Up to 30% to 40%B) Up to 60% to 70%C) Up to 90% to 100%

2. What is the maximum contribution of fat as fuel for ultra-endurance events lasting 6 to 10 hours?A) 20% to 30% B) 30% to 40% C) 60% to 70% D) 80% to 90%

4. What happens to the changes in metabolism seen from training when aerobic training is stopped?a. Metabolism remains the same.b. Metabolism reverts to the genetic baseline.c. Metabolism increases even further.

4. What happens to the metabolic adaptations resulting from training when an athlete ceases aerobic training?A) They remain constant.B) They improve further.C) They rapidly decline and revert to the genetic baseline.D) They decline, but not as rapidly as during training.

1. What is the relationship between an athlete's ability to oxidize fatty acids and their conditioning and exercise intensity?A) They are not related.B) They are only related to exercise intensity.C) They are only related to conditioning.D) They are related to both conditioning and exercise intensity.

1. What is the relationship between an athlete's conditioning and their fat oxidation capacity?a. There is no relationship.b. The more conditioned an athlete is, the lower their fat oxidation capacity.c. The more conditioned an athlete is, the higher their fat oxidation capacity.

4. What are the limiting factors in human performance of any type of intensity or duration?A) Muscle glycogen and blood glucoseB) Fat and proteinC) Water and electrolytes

5. Why can't fat be metabolized without a continuous stream of some carbohydrates?A) Because fat and carbohydrates cannot be used simultaneouslyB) Because fat metabolism requires carbohydrates as a source of energyC) Because carbohydrates help transport fat to the muscles

2. How does training affect the number of mitochondria in the muscle fibers?A) It decreases the number of mitochondria.B) It has no effect on the number of mitochondria.C) It increases the number of mitochondria.D) It only affects a specific type of muscle fiber.

3. Which factor becomes greater as the duration of exercise increases?A) The reliance on anaerobic metabolism B) The reliance on carbohydrate metabolism C) The reliance on protein metabolism D) The reliance on aerobic metabolism

1. What determines the substrate used during exercise?A) The intensity of the exercise B) The duration of the exercise C) The type of exercise D) The time of day

2) At what intensity level do carbohydrates from glycogen become the principal energy source?a) 50% Vo2maxb) 75% Vo2maxc) 85% to 90% Vo2max