Physiology Questions

The respiratory rate is controlled by the ______ which responds primarily to levels of _________ in the blood.A. AV node, CO2B. hypothalamus; O2C. SA node; hemoglobinD. brain; CO2E. SA node; O2

The enzyme in saliva responsible for the beginning of carbohydrate digestion isA. lactoseB. glucaseC. salivaseD. amylaseE. none of the above

The reason that Aldosterone affects only a small number of cells in the body is that ___________.A. nontarget cells destroy aldosterone before it can produce an effectB. only target cells get exposed to aldosteroneC. only target cells contain aldosterone receptorsD. A and CE. all of the above

Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine activity?A. parathyroid glandB. salivary glandsC. the pituitary glandD. the pancreasE. all of the above

The digestive system system of a Cnidarian (e.g. Hydra) is best described as a A. alimentary canalB. gizzardC. typhlosoleD. gastrovascular cavityE. cecum

The filtration produced by the glomerulus in the Bowman's capsule is most similar in its make-up to:A. pancreatic juiceB. chymeC. blood plasmaD. bileE. urine

Aldosterone acts on which part of the kidney to increase salt and water reabsorption?A. ascending loop of HenleB. descending loop of henleC. collecting ductD. distal tubuleE. proximal tubule

Which best explains the movement os water in regards to the ascending loop of Henle in a kidney?A. water moves from inside the tubule to the hyperosmotic fluid surrounding the nephronB. water moves both into and out of the tubule since the fluis are isoosmoticC. Non of the above because the tubule is not permeable to water

Rings of circular muscle located along the digestive tract that control food passage are calledA. segmetation centersB. nodesC. segwaysD. pyloric cecaeE. sphincters

Insects lack a circulatory system with respiraoty pigments but are still able to deliver oxygen to their tissues through the _______.A. tracheal tube systemB. vascularized lungsC. chitonous exoskeletonD. dorsal heart with ostiaE. countercurrent exchange

If a person loses a large amount of water in a short period time, he or she may die from dehydration. ADH helps reduce water loss through its interaction with its target cells in the ______.A. bladderB. anterior pituitaryC. kidneyD. small intestineE. posterior pituitary

The region of the heart that acts as a pacemaker and stimulates each heartbeat is called the:A. Purkinje fibersB. AV nodeC. Bundle of hisD. SA nodeE. left atrium

Which of the following statements about essential nutrients are true. Essential nutrients ____.I) are necessary for plant growth and reproductionII) are only used in chlorophyll productionIII) cannot be synthesized by a plantIV) are usually produced by symbiotic bacteriaA. I and IVB. I, II, and IIIC. I and IIID. I, II, III, and IVE. II, III, and IV

During which part of the cardiac cycle is the blood pressure higher?A. left and right atrium contractingB. systoleC. disatoleD. both A and BE. both B and C

The satiety center of the brain functions in the regulation ofA. peristalsisB. appetite and food consumptionC. glycogen storage in the liverD. water absorptionE. immune system

Different individuals belonging to the same animal species sometimes communicate using chemical signals. They can use these signals to indicate location of food sources or to attract males. These are referred to as:A. pheromonesB. neurotransmittersC. local regulatorsD. neurohormonesE. None of these

What hormone do pregnacy tests test for in urine?A. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)B. luteinizing hormoneC. follicle stimulating hormoneD. estrogenE. progesterone

Urine from the kidneys flow through the ______ to the _______and is released through the ________.A. ureter, urethra, bladderB. urethra, bladder, ureterC. bladder, ureter, urethraD. ureter, bladder, urethra

A blood clot, also known as a __________, may lodge in a blood vessel in the brain causing a __________.A. embolus; mycardial infarctionB. plaque; thrombusC. thrombus; strokeD. plaque; stroke E. thrombus; embolism

Which of the following composes the largest volume of cellular elements in human blood?A. thrombocytesB. leukocytesC. erythrocytesD. plasmaE. none