examine the fundus and the anterior structures of the eye set the focus on the ophthalmoscope to 1D and + 1D to view the fundus position the ophthalmoscope close to the patients eye locate the ophthalmic disc and assess its size, shape and colour examine the retinal blood vessels (NOTE: that the pattern varies with each species)divide the retina into 4 quadrants to allow for systematic examination of the fundus increase the dioptre strength as you focus up through the vitreous to examine the lens +10D then for the anterior segment +20 D

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