This empire expanded its control of the regions on the Eastern shore of the Baltics during the 16th and 17th centuries to include the regions around Estonia and Lithuania today. Despite a period of relative peace during the second half of the 1600s, this country found itself facing a growing Russian threat to the east as Peter the Great militarized. Allied with the Ottoman Empire for the first five years of the conflict, what nation fought The Great Northern War against Russia while led by Charles the Twelfth at the beginning of the conflict?

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