Genetics Questions

The scientists credited, in the popular imagination, with the discovery of the helical structure of DNA are

. A scientist randomly mutates the DNA of abacterium. She then sequences the bacterium'sdaughter cells, and finds that the daughters havemany errors in their replicated DNA. The parentbacterium likely acquired a mutation in whichenzyme?a. DNA ligaseb. DNA pol IIc. Primased. DNA pol I

If the sequence of the 5'-3' strand is AATGCTAC,then the complementary sequence has the followingsequence:a. 3'-AATGCTAC-5'b. 3'-CATCGTAA-5'c. 3'-TTACGATG-5'd. 3'-GTAGCATT-5'

A scientist creates fruit fly larvae with a mutation that eliminates the exonuclease function of DNA pol III. Which prediction about the mutational load in the adult fruit flies is most likely to be correct? a. The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have significantly more mutations than average. b. The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have slightly more mutations than average. c. The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have the same number of mutations as average. d. The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have fewer mutations than average.

The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is ________. a. mismatch repair b. DNA polymerase proofreading c. nucleotide excision repair d.thymine dimers

Which of the following components is notinvolved during the formation of the replication fork?a. single-strand binding proteinsb. helicasec. origin of replicationd. ligase

During proofreading, which of the following enzymes reads the DNA? a. primase b. topoisomerase c. DNA pol d. helicase

MCQthe flow of information in cell proceeds:a. from RNA to DNA to protein b. from protein to RNA to DNAc. from DNA to protein to RNAd. from RNA to protein to DNAe. from DNA to RNA to protein

MCQhow does RNA polymerase "know" where to start transcribing a gene into mRNA:a. it starts at one end of the chromosomeb. transfer RNA acts to translate the message to RNA polymerasec. it starts at a certain nucleotide sequence called a promoterd. the ribosome directs it to the correct portion of the DNA moleculee. it looks for the AUG start codon

MCQ When RNA is being made, the RNA base ____ always pairs with the base ____ in DNA:a. U.....Tb. T....Gc. U....Ad. A....Ue. T....A

MCQa particular _______ carry the information for making a particular polypeptide, but _______ can be used to make any polypeptide:a. gene and ribosome.......a tRNA and a mRNAb. gene and mRNA.....a ribosome and a tRNAc. ribosome and mRNA.......a gene and a tRNAd. gene and tRNA.......a ribosome and an mRNAe. tRNA and ribosome.......a gene and an mRNA

MCQwhich of the following does not take part in polypeptide synthesis:a. an exonb. mRNAc. an intrond. tRNAe. a ribosome

MCQa messenger RNA molecule for making a protein is made in the nucleus and sent out to a ribosome. the ribosome reads the mRNA message and makes a protein containing 120 amino acids. the mRNA consisted of at least how many codons: a. 30b. 40c. 120d. 360e. 480

MCQhow do retroviruses, such as HIV, differ from other viruses:a. they are much simpler than other virusesb. they contain DNA that is used as a template to make RNAc. they can reproduce only inside of living cellsd. they contain nucleic acids that code for the making of proteinse. they contain RNA that is used as a template to make DNA

MCQthe nucleotide sequence of a DNA codon is ACT. a messenger RNA molecule with a complementary codon is transcribed from the DNA. in the process of protein synthesis, a transfer RNA pairs with the mRNA codon. what is the nucleotide sequence of the tRNAanticodon? (careful--this one is harder than it appears): a. TGAb. UGAc. ACTd. TGUe. ACU

MCQwhich of the following are arranged in the correct order by size, from largest to smallest:a. chromosome-gene-codon-nucleotideb. nucleotide-chromosome-gene-codonc. codon-chromosome-gene-nucleotided. gene-chromosome-codon-nucleotidee. chromosome-gene-nucleotide-codon

MCQA geneticist raised a crop of T2 bacteriophages in a medium containing radioactive phosphorus, so that the DNA of the bacteriophages was labeled with radioactivity. the labeled phages were then allowed to infect nonradioactive bacteria. in a few hours, these bacteria burst open, releasing many bacteriophages. some of these phages contained labeled: a. DNAb. RNAc. proteind. all of the abovee. DNA and protein only

MCQat one point as a cell carried out its day-to-day activities, the nucleotides GAT were paired with the nucleotides C U A. this pairing occurred: a. in a double-stranded DNA moleculeb. during translationc. during transcriptiond. when an RNA codon paired with a tRNA anticodone. it is impossible to say, given this information

MCQa microbiologist analyzed chemicals obtained from an enveloped RNA virus (similar to a mumps virus) that infects monkeys. he found that the virus envelope contained a protein characteristic of monkey cells. which of the following is the most likely explanation for this:a. the virus gets its envelope when it leaves its host cellb. the virus forced the monkey cell to make proteins for its envelopec. the virus has a lysogenic life cycled. the virus gets its envelope when it enters its host celle. the virus fools its host cell by mimicking its proteins

MCQimagine an error occurring during DNA replication in a cell, so that where there is supposed to be a T in one of the genes there is instead a G. what effect will this probably have on thecell?a. each of its kinds of proteins will contain an incorrect amino acidb. an amino acid will be missing from each of its kinds of proteinsc. one of its kinds of proteins might contain an incorrect amino acidd. an amino acid will be missing from one of its kinds of proteinse. the amino acid sequence of one of its kinds of proteins will be completely changed