One of the major concerns about current first-generation biomass fuels is that they take a lot of energy to produce and therefore won't help to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases. Let's see if this is true in the following example: A gallon of gasoline releases about 9 kg CO2 when burned. If it takes about 2 kg of coal to produce the electricity to make one gallon of biofuel and each kilogram of coal results in the emission of 3.75 kg CO2, how much would CO2 emissions be reduced or increased by using biofuel instead of gasoline? You can assume that a gallon of biofuel and a gallon of gasoline have exactly the same amount of energy in them.

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